misattributed

Quotation record · reviewed 2026-08-09

“The only two certainties in life are death and taxes.”

Circulates under Mark Twain

Editorial status

misattributed

Twain is a frequent magnet for this line, but the cited history places earlier versions with Edward Ward or Christopher Bullock. Twain helped popularize related wording; that is not proof he originated it.

Source-backed author: Edward Ward or Christopher Bullock

Earliest traceable appearance in this record: Eighteenth-century versions associated with Edward Ward or Christopher Bullock; exact priority remains a source-history question.

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